p-value

(NL: overschrijdingskans)

The p-value is the probability that the value of the test statistic (or one that is at least as extreme) can be obtained if the null hypothesis is true.

When the p-value is less than the significance level that was chosen in advance, or \(p \leq \alpha\), then the null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative hypothesis is accepted. If \(p > \alpha\) then the null hypothesis is not rejected.